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J Dent Educ. 69(4): 461-469 2005
© 2005 American Dental Education Association
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International Perspectives on Dental Education

Dental Education in India and Japan: Implications for U.S. Dental Programs for Foreign-Trained Dentists

Takashi Komabayashi, D.D.S., Ph.D.; Karthik Raghuraman, B.D.S., M.P.H.; R. Raghuraman, M.Sc., Ph.D.; Shinji Toda, D.D.S., Ph.D.; Makoto Kawamura, B.S., D.D.S., Ph.D.; Sheppard M. Levine, D.D.S.; William F. Bird, D.D.S., M.P.H., Dr.P.H.

Dr. Komabayashi is an International Dentist Program Student (Class of 2005) and Staff Research Associate, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. Raghuraman is an International Dentist Program Student (Class of 2005), School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; Dr. Raghuraman is Chair and Professor, School of Dentistry, University of Chennai, Republic of India; Dr. Toda is Visiting Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco and Research Associate, Department of Health Science, Kanagawa Dental Collage, Yokosuka, Japan; Dr. Kawamura is Lecturer, Preventive Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan; Dr. Levine is Associate Clinical Professor, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco; and Dr. Bird is Clinical Professor and Associate Dean, Clinic Administration Director, International Dentist Program, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco. Direct correspondence and requests for reprints to Dr. Takashi Komabayashi, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0636, San Francisco, CA 94143; 415-242-3122 phone; 415-242-3122 fax; tkomabay{at}itsa.ucsf.edu.

Key words: international dentist program, foreign-trained dentist, India, Japan, dental school curriculum, dental license, dental practice, culture

Submitted for publication 11/24/04; accepted 02/03/05

An understanding of international dental education systems is critical for the education of foreign-trained dentists in U.S. dental programs. However, there is little information on this topic. This article provides information regarding 1) dental history, 2) dental school system, 3) curriculum/examination at dental school, and 4) dental licensure in India and Japan. There are 185 dental schools in India and twenty-nine in Japan. The number of first-year dental students is 12,872 and 2,647 in India and Japan, respectively. A five-year dental education, which includes 4,035 curriculum hours, leads to the B.D.S. degree in India, whereas a six-year dental education program, which includes 5,060 curriculum hours, leads to the D.D.S. degree in Japan. No undergraduate predental study is needed prior to entry into dental school in both countries. In India, the entrance examination is extremely competitive; however, there is no nationwide licensure examination. In Japan, dental schools use more sophisticated dental materials and equipment in the clinical phases of the curriculum than in India, but there is no clinical examination at the time of graduation. Several implications for U.S. dental programs for foreign-trained dentists with respect to screening applicants and curriculum development are discussed.




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