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J Dent Educ. 70(1): 46-50 2006
© 2006 American Dental Education Association
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Educational Programming and Meetings

ADEA Symposia


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Disaster Planning for Institutions: Lessons from Katrina
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Richard Weaver, American Dental Education Association

Other Presenters: Dr. Eric Hovland, Louisiana State University. Others to be announced.

CE CREDITS: 2

Hurricanes Katrina and Rita called into question the preparedness of educational institutions to meet and recover from a disaster that disrupts the mission and continued operation of the institution. Dr. Eric Hovland, Dean, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, acquired first-hand knowledge of emergency response and disaster and recovery management after Hurricane Katrina. This symposium is designed to guide dental schools in a reassessment or development of disaster and recovery plans essential to continuing the operation of the school.


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Community-Based Dental Education: The Key to Successful Programs
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Monty MacNeil, University of Connecticut

Other Presenters: Dr. Donna Grant-Mills, Howard University; Dr. Cynthia Hodge, University of Connecticut; Dr. Steven M. Lepowsky, University of Connecticut; Dr. R. Ivan Lugo, Temple University; Dr. Ana Karina Mascarenhas, Boston University; Dr. Leo E. Rouse, Howard University; Dr. Ronald P. Strauss, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Dr. Sheila Strorer, Marquette University

CE CREDITS: 2

The concept of augmenting the traditional educational experience of dental students and residents by the inclusion of community-based practice and learning opportunities has gained momentum nationally. Evidence suggests that well-run community programs can have a significant positive impact on improving the knowledge, skills, and self-confidence of students and residents, providing care to populations with unmet dental needs, and increasing net revenues for schools.

The objective of this symposium is to share the experiences, both positive and negative, of several schools engaged in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Pipeline, Profession, and Practice initiative in implementing community-based education programs. Three key components of success will be addressed: 1) partnering with community clinics and private practices, including affiliation and financial agreements; 2) evaluation of student/resident learning; and 3) creation of a solid management infrastructure to ensure the academic, clinical, and financial success of programs. For each component, presenters from two schools with different models or perspectives will provide an overview of issues deemed as critical and their corresponding approaches to these issues. A panel of reactors will respond in counterpoint to each presentation while also soliciting audience participation. An overall aim is to identify best practices in program design and management with an emphasis on effective integration and acceptance of community-based programs within the traditional intramural environment. This program will be of interest to schools currently engaged in community-based programs and especially those considering, designing, beginning, or expanding such programs.


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Core Curricula in Advanced Education Programs in Dentistry: What Is the Best Model?
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Gerald Glickman, Baylor College of Dentistry

Other Presenters: Dr. James Q. Swift, University of Minnesota; Dr. Catherine A. Horan, Commission on Dental Accreditation, American Dental Association; Dr. Anthony M. Iacopino, Marquette University

CE CREDITS: 2

To the best of our knowledge, no overview has ever been done presenting evidence beyond the anecdotal regarding the definition/delivery of core curricula in advanced education programs in dentistry. These curricula are expected to prepare residents for advanced training in required areas of biomedical and applied sciences that are common, discipline-specific, relative, interdisciplinary, medically associative, and adjunctive. The first objective of this symposium will be to provide the background, philosophy, and problems associated with such curricula. If the assumption that advanced education programs in dentistry design their core curricula in accordance with accreditation standards, then an overview of accreditation standards in 11 disciplines (two general dentistry areas plus nine recognized specialty areas) would be instructive in the definition and delivery of such curricula. Terminology defining levels of knowledge and skills are not universally applied and, when they are applied, not always consistently. Frequency of citings of noncompliance in areas of standards related to the biomedical and applied sciences would identify areas where programs have had difficulty at the site visit; these will be presented as the second objective. In addition, there appears to be a wide variation as to how the core curricula are administered and taught from school to school. Questions such as what is truly taught, how material is delivered, what models are best, why residents tend to abhor core courses, and how outcomes are measured will be addressed through a comprehensive survey to school administrators. Finally the program will present a new comprehensive core curriculum that was designed at Marquette University that is user-friendly, flexible, and meets specific programmatic/accreditation needs for each graduate program.


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Professional Promises: Hopes and Gaps in Access to Care
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Frank Catalanotto, University of Florida

Other Presenters: Dr. Shafik Dharamsi, University of British Columbia; Prof. David T. Ozar, Center for Ethics and Social Justice; Dr. Donald Patthoff, Liaison to ADA and ACD from ASDE, and Editor in Chief, Journal of the Academy of Laser Dentistry; Prof. Pamela Zarkowski, University of Detroit Mercy

CE CREDITS: 2

This symposium is based upon a national workshop held at the American Dental Association headquarters in August 2005. The workshop focused first on the ethics of access to oral health care with a particular emphasis on the professional promises health care professionals make to provide oral health care to the underserved. It then turned to how these promises interact with the themes of social justice and moral responsibilities. The primary goal of that workshop was to gather key stakeholders and engage them in discussions and deliberations on relevant ethical issues and to generate recommendations about how the profession’s Code of Ethics might evolve to better reflect access needs/desires and strategies for solutions in the U.S. In addition, the workshop addressed educational issues: how to better educate dental and allied dental students and committed professionals who are lifelong learners about these issues. The objectives of this symposium are to present a summary of these discussions and recommendations to the ADEA communities of interest. This symposium will be especially relevant and interesting to those ADEA and AADR members who are committed to and/or who work and teach on topics related to access to care, the development of professionalism, and professional ethics.


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State Oral Health Programs: Strategic Direction to Meet Oral Health Needs
CE CREDITS: 1.5

State oral health programs play a critical role in coordinating local, state, and federal resources to address oral disease burden. This symposium will highlight successful approaches that states have used to enhance their effectiveness, including the use of state oral health plans and oral health coalitions to direct dwindling resources. Participants will gain an understanding of how state programs and academic dental institutions can partner to develop comprehensive state oral health plans, use coalitions to implement best practices, seek legislative support, and explore and develop new opportunities for education, research, and public health to reduce disease burden. Participants will learn about developments in state oral health program approaches and effective linkages with academic dental institutions; learn about opportunities to engage in collaboration and partnerships to address the need for diversity and access to care; and discuss the state role in coordinating local, state, and federal resources.


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Students’ Perspective Project
Presenters: Dr. Robert Trombly, University of Colorado; Dr. Ken Etzel, University of Pittsburgh; Dr. Sandra Andrieu, Louisiana State University

CE CREDITS: 1.5

Since the Institute of Medicine report in 1995, there has been extensive commentary about the future structure and goals of dental education. Although the structure and goals of dental school have been discussed, there has been minimal effort to determine the opinions and recommendations from the other side of the table: the students who consume the education. Dental students’ qualitative perspective about their educational experience is an essential component of a broad-based curriculum assessment. The goal of the Students’ Perspective Project (SPP) was to contribute a representative student perspective about the future of dental education in North America. The SPP project had three objectives: 1) determine student perceptions of the learning environment, intellectual climate, and teacher-student relationships by administering the Dental School Learning Environment Survey (DSLES) to 619 freshman and juniors at eighteen North American dental schools; 2) determine student perceptions of clinical teaching quality by administering the Clinical Education Instructional Quality Questionnaire (ClinEd IQ) to 655 juniors, seniors, and graduate students at twenty-one dental schools; and 3) determine student perceptions of the overall quality of dental education by administering the Curriculum Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (C-SWOT) to 628 sophomores, seniors, and graduate students at twenty dental schools. This symposium will present results from the SPP project and perspectives about findings from dental educators with experience in clinical education (Dr. Robert Trombly), basic science education (Dr. Ken Etzel) and curriculum planning (Dr. Sandra Andrieu). The sample of 1902 SPP responses represents one of the largest qualitative assessments of dental education from the students’ perspective.


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Development of an Evidentiary Basis for the Use of Enteral Sedation and Training
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Raymond Dionne, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health

Other Presenters: Dr. Charles Cote, Northwestern University; Dr. John Yagiela, University of California, Los Angeles; Dr. Michael Silverman, Dentists Organization for Conscious Sedation

CE CREDITS: 2

The objective of this symposium is to develop a research agenda to document the relative efficacy and safety of the use of enteral sedation by dentists. Recent public and professional concern over the use of large and incrementally administered doses of benzodiazepines has reawakened the controversy that has continued for decades on the use of anesthesia and sedation by dentists. The dearth of evidence in the form of well-controlled clinical trials or adequate epidemiologic studies has hampered development of a consensus over safe practices, appropriate drugs, and dose recommendations. These issues can be best resolved by development of a research agenda that encompasses pharmacologic studies as well as educational research to determine the components of adequate doctoral training and demonstration of competence. Four speakers will present viewpoints that reflect the dichotomy of opinion that influences training, clinical practice, and safety and regulatory policies: a medical anesthesiologist who has conducted surveys of morbidity and mortality of outpatient sedation; a dental anesthesiologist and educator; an advocate of the safety of incrementally administered benzodiazepines; and a clinical investigator who will discuss the evidentiary basis for current clinical practices. The speakers will describe the educational and clinical research needed to progress the practice of enteral sedation from a largely nonvalidated clinical practice based on patient needs to a safe and evidence-based clinical practice with a generally accepted educational program for predoctoral education. Representatives of groups with alternative viewpoints will be invited to provide commentary on the research agenda and educational components suggested by the speakers. A general discussion period will conclude the session.


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Nutrition and Oral Health in the Aging Aged: Research and Implications for Clinical Dental Education
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Riva Touger-Decker, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey

Other Presenters: Dr. Christine Ritche, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dr. Janet Yellowitz, University of Maryland

CE CREDITS: 2

The elder cohort is the largest growing segment of the U.S. population with an anticipated rise to 1.2 billion (30 percent of the population) by 2025. While elderly adults are retaining their natural teeth longer than in previous centuries, their rising rates of chronic diseases and polypharmacy may negatively impact the integrity of the oral cavity, which can have a significant impact on oral, nutritional, and systemic health as well as the ability to consume an adequate diet. Partial or complete edentulism can affect body weight, diet adequacy, and enjoyment of food. Oral function in the elderly is affected by saliva (quality and quantity), the number of remaining teeth, and occlusal patterns. Occlusion or a compromised occlusion can impact diet quality while edentulism and ill-fitting dentures can result in changes in food choices due to reduced masticatory function and self-induced social isolation. A nutrition risk evaluation combined with the oral exam elicits vital information on the functional status of the oral cavity and individual eating ability. Screening by the dental/dental hygiene student or practitioner will identify oral and nutritional problems and need for diet intervention and/or referral to a registered dietitian.

This symposium will provide an update on aging, nutrition, and oral health and identify the gaps in the research with implications for future research. Current and emerging quality of life research will also be addressed including implications for practice and teaching. Research on nutrition and oral screening in dentistry will be reviewed along with strategies for integrating screening into the dental/dental hygiene school curriculum and in the clinical setting. The two primary goals of this symposium focus on research and education regarding nutrition and oral health in older adults. The first goal is to provide researchers and educators with a review of current research, overview of gaps in the research and implications for future research on this topic. The second goal is to discuss practice and education implications for oral health professionals based on current quantitative and qualitative research in the field. Strategies for integrating nutrition and oral health screening in clinical education will be discussed.


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The Millennials Go to Dental School: Implications for Admissions Through Residency
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Jennifer Brueckner, University of Kentucky

Other Presenters: Dr. Anne Wells, American Dental Education Association; Dr. Stephen Jessee, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Dr. Leon Assael, Oregon Health & Science University

CE CREDITS: 2

Each generation enters dental school with different life experiences and expectations. The Millennial generation refers to the student cohort born after 1981 who will graduate from high school in the new millennium. The Millennial generation is the largest in our nation’s history and is of vital interest to both ADEA and AADR members as they enter our dental schools at every level over the next 30 years, representing the future of dental education and research. A solid understanding of their motivations will better equip ADEA and AADR to attract the Millennials into dental education and research. This symposium will provide insight into how the traits of this generation will translate into the Millennials’ expectations of and behaviors throughout their dental education. The objectives are to define the hallmark features of the Millennial generation; describe the Millennials’ expectations of, and needs for, dental education; provide insight into how dental educators may address these expectations; and stimulate discussion on how institutions can prepare for and respond to these students’ needs. Each speaker will provide perspective on the Millennials from a different stage in dental education. Dr. Brueckner will provide an introduction in which audience interaction will be solicited in characterizing how dental students have changed in the recent past. Dr. Wells will discuss this generation’s strengths and challenges from a dental admissions standpoint and describe what dental educators can expect from these students. Dr. Jessee will relate Millennial students’ personality types to their learning and teaching preferences. Dr. Assael will outline the unique attributes that Millennials bring to residency training.


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Organizational Use of an Electronic Clinic Management System
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Michael Reed, University of Missouri-Kansas City

Other Presenters: Dr. Harvey C. Eplee, Dr. Ernest G. Glass, Dr. William A. Marse, University of Missouri-Kansas City

CE CREDITS: 2

This symposium will demonstrate the use of an electronic clinic management system (ECMS) as a management tool "data source" in a dental school clinical practice. An ECMS provides a mechanism for monitoring and measuring the efficiency, quality, and outcomes of a complex clinical practice program. The objectives for this program include outlining the complex management challenges of a dental school clinical practice, illustrating the value of an ECMS in developing clinic management strategies, exploring an ECMS as a tool in case management and quality assurance, demonstrating the use of standardized treatment notes in data generation and analysis, and engaging all attendees in questions and answers and development of next steps. At the University of Missouri-Kansas City, on any half-day, there are over 700 students, patients, faculty, and staff engaged in patient care. An ECMS can include biometric authentication that provides a reliable record of all student, patient, and faculty interactions. A case study involving the use of biometrics will demonstrate how unique management strategies were developed to assess personnel utilization and efficiency. Medical and dental examinations, medications, consultations, and other key oral health conditions are entered into and tracked by an ECMS. These data facilitate treatment planning, constant monitoring, and quality assurance. In tracking these data, a model for assessing patient caries risk assessment will be demonstrated as an example. An electronic patient record allows for standardization of treatment notes while encouraging student clinicians to accurately and legibly document all aspects of care. Cases will demonstrate how prescribed treatment "schemas" allow for standardization and provide creative access to myriad treatment data. The data collected during patient care provide evidence-based information that enhances quality of care, improves efficiency of operation, and warehouses data for clinical research.


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Dentistry for a Diverse Society
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Cherae Farmer-Dixon, Meharry Medical College

Other Presenters: Dr. Jeanne Sinkford, American Dental Education Association; Dr. Rueben Warren, National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities

CE CREDITS: 2

The United States Census Bureau projects that, by 2050, 49 percent of the population will be Caucasian, 24 percent Hispanic, 14 percent African American, 8 percent Asian, and 5 percent Native American. The American Dental Education Association reported in 2000 that 11 percent of dental students were underrepresented minorities: 5.3 percent Hispanic, 4.8 percent African American, and 1 percent Native American. By 2050 the "minority" will be the majority. Unfortunately, the emerging majority is disproportionately burdened by oral and systemic diseases. These populations are also low-income, undereducated, and exposed to environmental hazards. To address this concern, the number of underrepresented minority oral health professionals must increase to improve availability, accessibility, and acceptability of oral health care. As patient populations continue to become more diverse, care protocol and procedure systems must change. The literature indicates that African American and Hispanic providers have patient populations that are overwhelmingly minority and low-income. While care only addresses one component of oral health, it is needed most by populations who carry the burden of oral diseases. Dental educators must recognize the changing demographics and their impact on oral health. Students must be better educated to serve diverse communities. They must be culturally competent and technically prepared to serve an expanded service population.

The objectives of this symposium are to address the changing demography, the need for oral health care, historical and contemporary strategies to increase the diversity of students in dental school, and the maldistribution of oral health professionals. This session will discuss demography ("the coloring of America"), oral health and oral disease for the underserved, the importance of race and ethnicity of dental care providers, the changing role of women of color in providing dental care, the roles of dental education in preparing a proficient oral health work force, and the plausible impact by 2050.

Sponsored by the Section on Minority Affairs.


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Institutional Vitality, Financial Health, and the System of Dental Education
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Lisa Tedesco, University of Michigan/Columbia University

Other Presenters: Dr. Howard Bailit, University of Connecticut; Dr. L. Jackson Brown, American Dental Association; Dr. Allan Formicola, Columbia University; Dr. Kenneth Kalkwarf, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Dr. Wendy Mouradian, University of Washington; Dr. John Williams, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

CE CREDITS: 2

The Josiah Macy Foundation provides grants to assist health professional schools in understanding the complex environments in which they function and identifying future directions for education systems. In 1997, the foundation funded a study to investigate the role of community-based clinical/dental education. Several papers from that study, published in the Journal of Dental Education, described how some dental schools used community sites to educate students and how programs were managed. The conclusion of that project was a major stimulus for the Pipeline, Profession, and Practice: Community-Based Dental Education program funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in cooperation with The California Endowment and the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. The Macy Foundation has provided a grant, funded in June 2004, aimed at assessing the financial structure and system of dental education for the next decade and articulating various strategies for meeting the overall mission during increasingly challenging times.

The Macy Study includes a financial trends analysis and review of strategic recommendations from Dental Education at the Crossroads (IOM, 1995), the "Future of Dentistry Report" (ADA, 2001), and the "Report of the Presidential Commission on Improving the Oral Health Status of all Americans: Roles and Responsibilities of Academic Dental Institutions" (ADEA, 2003). This symposium will discuss financial trend analyses and potential benefits of two models/strategies to improve finances and sustain institutional and academic vitality of a scientifically based profession.





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